Permanent hair waving apparatus



May 4, 1954 HUMBERTO GARCIA (REND5N) 77,

PERMANENT HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 22, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 Humberto Garcia Rendo'n INVENTOR.

May 1954 HUMBERTO GARCIA (RENDN) 2,677,379

PERMANENT HAIR WAVING APPARATUS Filed Dec. 22, 1950 Humberto Garcia Rendbn INVENTOR.

May 4, 1954 HUMBERTO GARCIA (RENDN) PERMANENT HAIR WAVING APPARA IUS Filed Dec. 22, 1950 Fig. 17.

Fig. 16.

I383 30 3 /s2\. /42 A I 722 [40 l 30' //4 n2 //2 z flumberlo Garcia .Rendon 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR.

iatented May 4, 1954 STATES PATENT OFFICE This invention relates to new and useful improvements and structural refinements in permanent hair waving apparatus, and the principal object of the invention i to efficiently wave human hair so as to resemble natural Waves.

The two most common systems of hair waving are the spiral type and the croquignole. In the spiral type the is wound alon rod shaped devices with the winding commencing at the root of a strand of hair and finishing at the loose end. On the other hand, in the croquignole type the hair is wound inwardly from the loose ends to the roots.

The instant invention diiiers substantially from the above outlined types of waving, insofar that it employs novel structural means whereby a strand of hair may be wound or coiled in a series of curls which have their axes disposed substantially at right angles to each other, thus achieving a highly novel and realistic result.

Some of the advantages of the invention reside in its simplicity of construction, in its efiicient operation, and in its adaptability to economical manufacture.

With the above more important objects and features in view and such other objects and features as may become apparent as this specification proceeds, the invention consists essentially of the construction. and arrangement of parts as shown in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of the invention;

Figure 2 is a side elevational view therof;

Figure 3 is an end View of the same;

Figure t is perspective view of the clamp used in the invention, the clamp being shown in its open position;

Figure 5 is a perspective view of the hair curling member used in the invention;

Figure 6 is a view showing the manner whereby a strand of is wound on the member shown in Figure 5 Figure '7 is a perspective view of a modified hair curling member;

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a further modified hair curling member;

Figure 9 is a perspective view of a still further modified hair curling member;

Figure 10 is a transverse sectional detail, taken substantially in the plane of the line Hi-i-B in Figure 9;

Figure 11 is a view showing whereby a strand of hair is wound around the curling member shown in Figure 9;

Figure 12 is a perspective view of a still further modified hair curling member;

Figure 13 is a transverse sectional detail, taken substantially in the plane of the line |3-l3 in Figure 12;

Figure 14 is a fragmentary exploded perspective view of the hair curling member shown in Figure 12;

Figure l5-is a group perspective view of a still further modified embodiment of the invention;

Figure 16 is a side elevational view, partly in section, showin the embodiment of Figure assembled; and

Figure 17 is a group perspective view of a stud and spring used in the embodiment of Figures 15 and 16.

Like characters of reference are employed to designate like parts in the specification and throughout the several views.

Referring now to the accompanying drawings in detail, and more. particularly to Figures 1-6, inclusive, the invention consists of a hair curling apparatus which is designated generally by the reference character 20 and embodies in its construction two major sub-assemblies, namely, a hair strand receiving clamp 22 and a hair curling' member 24 which is separably attached to the clamp.-

It may be explained at this point that several of the hair curlin members as may be associated with each clamp 22, and several modified embodiments of the hair curling members are provided, which may be used selectively with the same clamp.

The clamp 22 is more-o r-less of conventional nature, including a pair of pivotally connected arms 2:5, 28 which are provided with rubber sleeves 30 and are swingable toward and away from each other about their common pivot 32, while conventional locking means 3 are employed for retaining the clamp in its closed position wherein a strand of hair is frictionally engaged, at the roots thereof, by the rubber sleeves 30 of the two arms 26, 28.

The one or'more hair curling members it which are employed with the clamp 22 are identical in construction, each comprising an elongated, tubular body 36 and a plurality of tubular buttons 38 which are secured by suitable rivets ac to the body 35, the buttons 38 being spaced longitiudinally on the body and extending radially therefrom in a common plane, as shown. The rivets 40- extend through the body as well as through the buttons 38 and serve to secure enlarged heads 42 to the outer ends of the buttons so as to prevent strands of hair from slipping oii the buttons when it is wound thereon.

Each of the hair curling members 24 is separably mounted on the clamp 22 by means of a stud 44 which is firmly secured to the arm 26 of the clamp and is provided with a bayonet type locking slot 49, as shown in Figure 4. Several of the studs 44 are provided on each clamp to accommodate the respective curling members 24, each stud being slidably receivable in one end portion of the respective curling member, more particularly, of the body 36 of the respective curling member, which body is provided with an inwardly projecting locking pin 48 for reception in the locking slot 46.

It will be apparent from the foregoing that the hair curling members 24 may be applied to the clamp 22 by simply sliding one end portion of the tubular bodies 36 over the respective studs 44 and thereafter rotating the bodies so as to lock the pins 48 in the bayone slots 46, so that the hair curling members are disposed substantially perpendicularly to the plane of opening and closing movement of the arms 26, 28 of the clamp.

When in operation, several strands of hair may be secured adjacent their roots in the clamp and each strand wound around one of the curling members 24, as shown in Figure 6 at 59, so that the strand of hair assumes the form of several separate coils, some of which are disposed on the body 36 while the others are disposed on the buttons 38, whereby the axis of one coil is perpendicular to the axis of the next.

It is to be noted that the coils of hair wound around the curling members do not overlap, that is, each coil consists of only one convolution, thus assuring that the hair in each coil is fully in contact with the curling member and is fully exposed to application of heat, solutions, etc., for proper permanent waving, which is not possible in conventional devices where, because of shortage of space on the curler, convolutions of hair in a coil are necessarily overlapped.

Needless to say, the hair applied to the instant apparatus may be subjected to any one or more varied forms of treatment, such as application of heat, cold waving solutions, chemicals, pro-heating, or the like.

A modified hair curling member is shown in Figure '7 and designated generally by the reference character 69, which may also be used with the clamp 22. The member 59 comprises a tubular body 62 having a plurality of laterally projecting buttons 64 thereon. and while in the member 24 the several buttons 38 are disposed all at one side of the body 39, in the member 69 the buttons 64 are disposed alternately at the diametrically opposite sides of the body 62 as will be clearly apparent.

In a further modified embodiment of the invention which is illustrated in Figure 8 and is designated by the general reference character I9, the tubular body I2 is provided with a pair of laterally projecting, abutting flanges 14 which carry the buttons I6, it being noted that these buttons are not only disposed alternately at the opposite sides of the flanges, but, by virtue of the flanges, the buttons are spaced or shifted laterally from the longitudinal axis of the body 12 so that they do not extend radially from the axis of the body, as in the members 24 or 69. Needless to say, when a strand of hair is wound around the member 10, it is wound under the body 12 and around the buttons, so that it does not cross over the flanges I4.

A still further modified embodiment of a hair curling member is illustrated in the accompanying Figures 9-11, inclusive, and is designated generally by the reference character 89, this embodiment being very similar to the embodiment 19 shown in Figure 8, with the exception that the flanges I4 are provided between the buttons 16 with recesses 92 through which the strand of hair may be led as shown at 84 in Figure 11.

The modified embodiment of the hair curling member illustrated in Figures 12-14, inclusive, is designated generally by the reference character 99, this embodiment having an elongated body consisting of a plurality of coaxial sections 92, 94, the sections 92 being rigidly secured by suitable set screws or pins 96 to a supporting shaft 98, while the sections 94 are rotatably mounted on the shaft 98 between the sections 92. Later- -ally projecting buttons I99 are secured to the several sections, and it will be apparent that by simply rotating the sections 94 on the shaft 98, the buttons on the sections 94 may be adjusted radially with respect to the buttons on the sections 92.

However, means are provided for resisting free rotation of the sections 94 on the shaft 98, these means consisting of a spiral spring I92 which is disposed on the shaft 98 in each section 94 and has one end thereof anchored to the shaft 98 as at I94. The other end I99 of the spring functions as a pawl which engages ratchet teeth I98 provided in the bore of each section 94, so

.that rotation of the sections 94 is resisted and is possible in one direction only. If desired, the ratchet teeth I98 may be omitted and the end I96 of the spring I92 permited to frictionally engage a smooth inner wall of the body sections 94, so that the spring functions as an overrunning clutch, permitting rotation of the sections 94 in one direction only.

Finally, referring to the modified embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying Figures 15, 16 and 1'7, this embodiment is designated generally by the reference character I I0 and includes in its construction a hair strand receiving clamp 22' having an arm 26' provided with a plurality of keyhole slots H2, whereby a plurality of studs H4 may be separably connected to the arm 29.

Each of the studs I I4 is provided intermediate the ends thereof with an enlarged head IIS, a sectionally reduced neck H9 and an additional head 129, the slots Il2 being of such dimensions that the head I29 may be passed through the relatively large end thereof, whereupon the reduced neck I I8 may be passed into the relatively narrow end portion of the slot, in which manner the several studs H4 may be removably secured in the respective slots H2 of the clamp arm 26', as shown in Figure 16.

The rubber sleeve 39 on the arm 22 may be recessed as indicated at I22, so as to provide clearance for the studs H4, as shown.

Each stud I I4 also includes a diametrically reduced, substantially cylindrical stem portion I24 provided with a transverse slot I29 to receive a transversely extending end portion I23 of a coil spring I39 which is positioned on the shank portion 124 of the stud and has a free end I32.

The hair curling members i34 used in this embodiment may be similar to any of the aforementioned members 24, 99, I9, 39 or 99, as long as they include a substantially tubular body portion I 39 having either of its end portions adapted for removable positioning on the studs H4.

By passing one end portion of the body I36 over the stud i It, the free end portion i32 of the spring 130 is brought in frictional engagement with the inner surface of the body i238, in which manner the spring 138 will function in the nature of an over-running clutch, permitting the body iSB to be rotated in one direction only.

Strands of hair may be wound around the body E38 and the buttons 138 thereon, the arrangement of the angularly offset buttons will facilitate various different arrangements of the wound coils of hair, it being noted that the several hair curling members its on the clamp arm it may be adjusted relative to each other by rotation about the studs H4, and alternatively, or in addition, studs may be provided in the upper end portions of the bodies 38, so that the bodies may be reversed, end for end, for connection to the clamp arm 26' in a selective manner.

In any event, the hair curling members i8 3 are sustained in position on the studs ii i by means of a keeper element I40 which consists of a pair of sections hingedly connected together as at M2, the two sections having arcuate recesses or notches M4 to fit the outer surface of the bodies i39. In this manner, the keeper member i461 may be inserted between the bodies i3$ as shown in Figure 16, so as to firmly sustain the latter in position on the studs H4 applied to the clamp arm 28. After strands of hair are wound around the members I34, the keeper member MB may be readily removed by virtue of the hinge I42.

It is believed that the advantages and use of the invention will be clearly understood from the foregoing disclosure and accordingly, further description thereof at this point is deemed unnecessary.

While in the foregoing there has been shown and described the preferred embodiment of this invention it is to be understood that minor changes in the details of construction, combination and arrangement of parts may be resorted to without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as claimed.

Having described the invention, claimed as new is:

1. A hair curling apparatus comprising a clamp for receiving hair strands, said clamp including a pair of arms pivotally connected to one another at one end, longitudinally spaced supporting means on one of said arms, curling members detachably moun ed on said supporting means, said curling members extending perpendicularly from said one arm and having a plurality of laterally projecting, longitudinally spaced buttons thereon, the ends of said curling members being identically formed and selectively mounted on said supporting means, said supporting means including keyhole slots opening toward one another provided on said one arm, said curling members including studs detachably secured to the ends thereof, said studs including heads and reduced necks received in said keyhole slots, means between said curling members and acting upon said curling members to force them away from one another into seating engagement in said keyhole slots.

2. A hair curling apparatus comprising a clamp for receiving hair strands, said clamp including what is a pair of arms pivotally connected to one an other at one end, longitudinally spaced supporting means on one of said arms, curling members detachably mounted on said supporting means, said curling members extending perpendicularly from said one arm and having a plurality of laterally projecting, longitudinally spaced but tons thereon, the ends of said curling members being identically formed and selectively mounted on said supporting means, said supporting means including keyhole slots opening toward one an other provided on said one arm, said curling members including studs detachably secured to the ends thereof, said studs including heads and reduced necks received in said keyhole slots, means between said curling members and acting upon said curling members to force them away from one another into seating engagement in said keyhole slots, said curling members being tubular and said studs being received within the end thereof, coil springs surrounding said studs and being secured at one end thereto, said coil springs being disposed within said curling members and frictionally engaging the walls thereof.

3. A hair curling apparatus comprising a clamp for receiving hair strands, said clamp including a pair of arms pivotally connected to one another at one end, longitudinally spaced supporting means on one of said arms, curling members detachably mounted on said supporting means, said curling members extending perpendicularly from said one arm and having a plurality of laterally projecting, longitudinally spaced buttons thereon, the ends of said curling members being identically formed and selectively mounted on said supporting means, said supporting means including keyhole slots opening toward one another provided on said one arm, said curling members including studs detachably secured to the ends thereof, said studs including heads and reduced necks received in said keyhole slots, means between said curling members and acting upon said curling members to force them away from one another into seating engagement in said keyhole slots, said curling members being tubular and said studs being received within the ends thereof, coil springs surrounding said studs and being secured at one end thereto, said coil springs being disposed within said curling members and frictionally engaging the walls thereof, the inner walls of said curling members being non-circular in cross-section and providing a pawl whereby rotation of the curling members on the studs is possible in only one direction. References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,377,943 Tusis May 10, 1921 1,884,305 Shelton Oct. 25, 1932 1,886,909 Santurello Nov. 8, 1932 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 840,190 France Jan. 11, 1939 904,427 France Feb. 26, 1945 961,257 France Nov. 14, 1949 151,525 Austria July 15, 1937 

